By Niku Sedarat
Adolescence is a critical period for identity formation. However, when society scrutinizes one's personal identity with prejudice and discrimination, it can be especially difficult to cultivate this critical self-discovery and acceptance. Tragically, for many LGBTQ+ youth, this is a dark reality. However, there is an abundance of hope. Social support can play an invaluable role in fostering the mental well-being of LGBTQ+ youth.
Social support encompasses the emotional, informational, and practical assistance provided by family, friends, peers, and community members. For youth, this form of support can come from a range of helpful sources. Parental acceptance and support can significantly impact an LGBTQ+ adolescent's mental health. Families that embrace their child's identity provide a safe and nurturing environment. According to the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing article on "Family Acceptance in Adolescence and the Health of LGBTQ Young Adults," family acceptance is a predictor of greater self-esteem, social support, and general health status. This integral form of social support can also protect against depression, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation/behaviors. In fact, according to the Trevor Project, "LGBTQ youth who felt high social support from their family reported attempting suicide at less than half the rate of those who felt low or moderate social support."
Friendships and peer networks can also offer a sense of belonging and validation. Peers who share similar experiences or are accepting of LGBTQ+ identities can be vital sources of emotional support. Additionally, inclusive school policies, supportive teachers, and LGBTQ+ student organizations create a safer and more affirming educational environment. The Trevor Project's 2022 National Survey on LGBTQ Youth Mental Health revealed that LGBTQ youth who found their school to be LGBTQ-affirming reported lower rates of attempting suicide. Specifically, 12% of LGBTQ youth with access to LGBTQ-affirming schools reported attempting suicide in the past year, compared to 18% of those without access.
Moreover, LGBTQ youth who live in communities that are accepting of LGBTQ people experience significantly lower rates of attempting suicide than those who do not. LGBTQ+ community centers, support groups, and online communities offer spaces where youth can connect with others who share their experiences. These supportive communities can be lifesaving. For those who may not have access to in-person support, online resources can be crucial. An excellent online community and mental health resource for LGBTQ+ youth is the Trevor Project which provides 24/7 support via text, chat, and even call. To reach the Trevor Project counselors, text "START" to 678-678, call 1-866-488-7386, or chat here: https://www.thetrevorproject.org/get-help/
It is abundantly clear: social support is imperative to preserving the mental well-being of LGBTQ+ youth. As supporters, we can take action toward enhancing systems of social support to best uplift our LGBTQ+ peers and loved ones. For example, educational programs that educate families about LGBTQ+ identities and the importance of acceptance can transform family dynamics for the better. Counseling services can also help families navigate their emotions and build supportive relationships with their LGBTQ+ children. Schools can implement anti-bullying policies, provide training for staff on LGBTQ+ issues, and support LGBTQ+ student organizations. Safe and inclusive educational settings are crucial for the mental well-being of LGBTQ+ youth.
As peers, we can also encourage the formation of peer support groups and foster inclusive social environments to help LGBTQ+ youth build strong social support networks. For example, starting a Gay-Straight Alliance (GSA) in schools can provide a safe space for LGBTQ+ students and their allies. Other initiatives could include peer-led mentorship programs and support groups.
On a systemic level, cultivating support for LGBTQ+ youth can play a tremendous role in increasing feelings of acceptance and safety from society at large. Advocating for policies that protect and support LGBTQ+ youth, such as anti-discrimination laws and inclusive healthcare practices, can create a more supportive societal framework. For instance, pushing for comprehensive, LGBTQ-inclusive sex education in schools can significantly improve health outcomes and foster understanding. Policy changes at local, state, and national levels can have profound impacts on the well-being of LGBTQ+ individuals.
Ultimately, social support is a cornerstone of enhancing and protecting the mental well-being of LGBTQ+ youth. By fostering supportive environments at home, in schools, and within the community, we can significantly improve the mental health outcomes for our LGBTQ+ peers and loved ones, allowing them to feel accepted, valued, and supported. Through collective efforts and seemingly small steps like advocating for an LGBTQ+ friend, educating ourselves about LGBTQ+ issues, or supporting LGBTQ+-affirming policies, we can all play a role in ensuring that all young people have the opportunity to thrive and lead fulfilling